Optimism
Optimism reflects the belief that the outcomes of events or experiences will generally be positive. People who are more optimistic have better pain management, improved immune and cardiovascular function, and greater physical functioning. Optimists tend to look for meaning in adversity, which can make them more resilient. Optimists are likely to see the causes of failure or negative experiences as temporary rather than permanent, specific rather than global, and external rather than internal. Such a perspective enables optimists to more easily see the possibility of change.